HOME | CHECKOUT | ABOUT | FAQ | CONTACT US |
 
Welcome Guest [create an account] or log-in:
email
password

Chapter 6 Tourism and terrorism The determinants of destination resilience and the implications for destination image

DOI: 10.23912/9781911396673-4097

ISBN: 9781911396673

Published: July 2019

Component type: chapter

Published in: Reputation and Image Recovery for the Tourism Industry

Parent DOI: 10.23912/9781911396673-3803

10.23912/9781911396673-4097

Abstract

Safety is essential in order for a destination to maintain and increase tourism activities (Gupta et al., 2010; Hall et al., 2004). In comparison, terrorist attacks are more likely to have negative effects on tourism than natural disasters (Sönmez et al., 1999). During the last decades, several terrorist acts have been committed in touristic cities of the North and South (including Boston, Istanbul, Manchester, New Delhi, New York, Paris, and Tunis). Security concerns and the threat of violence perpetrated by certain groups with radical political and religious demands do not only affect a destination’s image and reputation and individual decisions about whether to visit a given destination. They also influence the political and economic balance, which in turn affects the environment in which the tourism industry operates (Hall et al., 2004). While some destinations appear to be suffering the long-term consequences of terrorist attacks on their tourism industry (Liu and Pratt, 2017), others are successfully keeping their industry afloat and avoiding significant economic downturns (Gurtner, 2007; Putra and Hitchcock, 2006). We are therefore seeking to understand the reasons why some destinations manage to maintain their image and remain attractive to tourists despite terrorist acts and others struggle to overcome the consequences of such acts on their industry, even years after the fact.

Sample content

Click here to download PDF

Contributors

  • Cassiopée Benjamin, Département d’études urbaines et touristiques École des sciences de la gestion. Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada (Author)
  • Dominic Lapointe, Professor, Département d’études urbaines et touristiques, École des sciences de la gestion, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada. (Author)
  • Bruno Sarrasin, Professor, Département d’études urbaines et touristiques, École des sciences de la gestion. Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada. (Author)

For the source title:

  • Gabby Walters, Tourism Discipline, School of Business, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD (Editor)
  • Judith Mair, Associate Professor, UQ Business School, University of Queensland, Australia (Editor)

Cite as

Benjamin, Lapointe & Sarrasin, 2019

Benjamin, C., Lapointe, D. & Sarrasin, B. (2019) "Chapter 6 Tourism and terrorism The determinants of destination resilience and the implications for destination image" In: Walters, G. & Mair, J. (ed) . Oxford: Goodfellow Publishers http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/9781911396673-4097

References

Agnew, R. (2010) A general strain theory of terrorism, Theoretical Criminology, 14 (2), 131-153.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1362480609350163

Baker, K. & Coulter, A. (2007) Terrorism and tourism: the vulnerability of beach vendors’ livelihoods in Bali, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 15 (3), 249-266.

https://doi.org/10.2167/jost643.0

Becken, S. (2013) Developing a framework for assessing resilience of tourism sub-systems to climatic factors, Annals of Tourism Research, 43, 506-528.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.06.002

Biggs, D., Hall, C. M. & Stoeckl, N. (2012) The resilience of formal and informal tourism enterprises to disasters: reef tourism in Phuket, Thailand, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20 (5), 645-665.

https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.630080

Bhattarai, K., Conway, D. & Shrestha, N. (2005) Tourism, terrorism and turmoil in Nepal. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(3), 669-688.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.08.007

Brozovic, N., & Schlenker, W. (2007). Resilience, uncertainty, and the role of economics in ecosystem management (No. 381-2016-22109), 2007 Annual Meeting, July 29-August 1, Portland, Oregon, American Agricultural Economics Association.

Butler, R.W. (1980) The concept of the tourist area life-cycle of evolution: implications for management of resources, Canadian Geographer, 24 (1), 5-12.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.1980.tb00970.x

Calgaro, E., Lloyd, K. & Dominey-Howes, D. (2014) From vulnerability to transformation: a framework for assessing the vulnerability and resilience of tourism destinations, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 22 (3), 341-360.

https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2013.826229

Dahles, H. & Susilowati, T. P. (2015) Business resilience in times of growth and crisis, Annals of Tourism Research, 51, 34-50.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2015.01.002

Darma Putra, I. N. & Hitchcock, M. (2006) The Bali bombs and the tourism development cycle, Progress in Development Studies, 6 (2), 157-166.

https://doi.org/10.1191/1464993406ps134oa

Fletcher, J. & Morakabati, Y. (2008) Tourism activity, terrorism and political instability within the commonwealth: The cases of Fiji and Kenya, International Journal of Tourism Research, 10 (6), 537-556.

https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.699

Gurtner, Y. K. (2007) Crisis in Bali: lessons in tourism recovery, in E. Laws, B. Prideaux & K. Chon (eds.), Managing Tourism Crises, Abingdon: CABI, pp. 81-97.

https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845930479.0081

Gupta, A., Gupta, D. R. & Arora, N. (2010) The relationship between perceived travel risk, travel safety, travel anxiety and intentions to travel: a path analysis study of domestic traveller in India, International Journal of tourism and Travel, 3 (1), 25-36.

https://doi.org/10.3727/108354210x12645141401269

Hall, C. M., & O’Sullivan, V. (1996). Tourism, political stability and violence. Tourism, Crime and International Security Issues, 105-121.

Hall, C. M., Timothy, D. J. & Duval, D. T. (2004) Security and tourism: towards a new understanding?, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 15 (2-3), 1-18.

https://doi.org/10.1300/j073v15n02_01

Henderson, J. (2004) Managing the aftermath of terrorism: The Bali bombings, travel advisories and Singapore, International journal of hospitality and tourism administration, 4 (2), 17-31.

https://doi.org/10.1300/j149v04n02_02

High Level Task Force. (2005). Report of a high level task force to revitalize tourism industry. Kathmandu: High Level Task Force/Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation.

https://doi.org/10.1355/9789812307095-012

Hitchcock, M. & Darma Putra, I. N. (2008a) Old tourists and new tourists: management challenges for Bali’s tourism industry, in J. Cochrane (ed.), Asian Tourism: Growth and Change, Oxford: Elsevier, pp. 209-220.

https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-045356-9.50022-9

Hitchcock, M. & Darma Putra, N. (2008b) The Bali bombings: Tourism Crisis Management and Conflict Avoidance, Current Issues in Tourism, 8 (1), 62-76.

https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500508668205

Jakarta Post (2002) Bali bets on recovery as peak season draws close, 26 November in J. Henderson (2004) Managing the aftermath of terrorism: The Bali bombings, travel advisories and Singapore, International journal of hospitality and tourism administration, 4 (2), 17-31.

https://doi.org/10.1300/j149v04n02_02

Jallat, F. & Shultz, C. J. (2011) Lebanon: From cataclysm to opportunity—Crisis management lessons for MNCs in the tourism sector of the Middle East, Journal of World Business, 46 (4), 476-486.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2010.10.008

Korstanje, M. E., & Clayton, A. (2012) Tourism and terrorism: conflicts and commonalities. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 4 (1), 8-25.

https://doi.org/10.1108/17554211211198552

La Branche, S. (2004) Tourisme, terrorisme et mondialisation, Téoros. Revue de recherche en tourisme, 23 (1), 5-11.

https://doi.org/10.7202/1024756ar

Lapointe, D. & Sarrasin, B. (2017) (Re)production of resilient tourism space in the context of climate change in coastal Québec, Canada, in A. A. Lew and J. M. Cheer (eds.) Tourism Resilience and Adaptation to Environmental Change: Definitions and Frameworks. Routledge, pp. 141-156.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315463971-11

Lew, A. A. (2014) Scale, change and resilience in community tourism planning, Tourism Geographies, 16 (1), 14-22.

https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2013.864325

Liu, A. & Pratt, S. (2017) Tourism’s vulnerability and resilience to terrorism, Tourism Management, 60, 404-417.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.01.001

Luthe, T. & Wyss, R. (2014) Assessing and planning resilience in tourism, Tourism Management, 44, 161-163.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.03.011

Luthe, T., Wyss, R. & Schuckert, M. (2012) Network governance and regional resilience to climate change: empirical evidence from mountain tourism communities in the Swiss Gotthard region, Regional Environmental Change, 12 (4), 839-854.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-012-0294-5

Maguire, B. & Cartwright, S. (2008) Assessing a community’s capacity to manage change: a resilience approach to social assessment, report prepared for Australian Government Bureau of Rural Sciences.

Malenfant, É. C. (2004). Suicide in Canada’s immigrant population. Health Reports, 15(2), 9-17.Tourism and terrorism: The determinants of destination resilience 109 Mansfeld, Y. (1999) Cycles of war, terror, and peace: Determinants and management of crisis and recovery of the Israeli tourism industry, Journal of Travel Research, 38 (1), 30-36.

https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759903800107

Mansfeld, Y. & Pizam, A. (2006) Tourism, terrorism, and civil unrest issues, in Y. Mansfeld, and A. Pizam (eds.), Tourism, Security and Safety: From Theory to Practice. 1st edn, Oxford: Elsevier, pp. 29-31.

https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-7898-8.50005-9

Moreno, A. & Becken, S. (2009) A climate change vulnerability assessment methodology for coastal tourism, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17 (4), 473-488.

https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580802651681

Nepal Tourism Board. (2001) Press-Release on Emergency Declaration. Retrieved on November 27, 2001 from www.welcomenepal.com in Thapa, B. (2012) Tourism in Nepal: Shangri-La’s troubled times, in M. Hall, D.

https://doi.org/10.1300/j073v15n02_07

Timothy & D. Duval (eds.) Safety and Security in Tourism, Routledge, pp. 117-138.

Neumayer, E. (2004). The impact of political violence on tourism. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 48(2), 259- 281.

NTB. (2008). Annual Operation Plan 2008/09. Kathmandu: Nepal Tourism Board.

Orchiston, C., Prayag, G. & Brown, C. (2016) Organizational resilience in the tourism sector, Annals of Tourism Research, 56, 145-148.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2015.11.002

Paraskevas, A., & Arendell, B. (2007) A strategic framework for terrorism prevention and mitigation in tourism destinations, Tourism Management, 28 (6), 1560-1573.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.02.012

Picard, M. (2008) Balinese identity as tourist attraction: From ‘cultural tourism’ (pariwisata budaya) to ‘Bali erect’ (ajeg Bali). Tourist Studies, 8 (2), 155–173.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1468797608099246

Pizam, A., & Smith, G. (2000) Tourism and terrorism: A quantitative analysis of major terrorist acts and their impact on tourism destinations, Tourism Economics, 6 (2), 123-138.

https://doi.org/10.5367/000000000101297523

Richter, L. (1992). Political instability and tourism in the third world. In D. Harrison (Ed.), Tourism and the Less Developed Countries (pp. 35-46). New York: Wiley.

Rittichainuwat, B. N. & Chakraborty, G. (2009) Perceived travel risks regarding terrorism and disease: The case of Thailand, Tourism Management, 30 (3), 410-418.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.08.001

Saha, S., & Yap, G. (2014) The moderation effects of political instability and terrorism on tourism development: A cross-country panel analysis, Journal of Travel Research, 53 (4), 509-521.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287513496472

Sarrasin, B. (2004) Risque politique et tourisme: Nouveautés et continuités, Téoros. Revue de recherche en tourisme, 23 (1), 12-22.

https://doi.org/10.7202/1042475ar

Sönmez, S. F., Apostolopoulos, Y. & Tarlow, P. (1999) Tourism in crisis: Managing the effects of terrorism, Journal of Travel Research, 38 (1), 13-18.

https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759903800104

Suryani, L. K., Page, A., Lesmana, C. B. J., Jennaway, M., Basudewa, I. D. G. & Taylor, R. (2009) Suicide in paradise: aftermath of the Bali bombings, Psychological Medicine, 39 (8), 1317-1323.

https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291708004893

Thapa, B. (2012) Tourism in Nepal: Shangri-La’s troubled times, in M. Hall, D. Timothy and D. Duval (eds.) Safety and Security in Tourism, Routledge, pp. 117-138.

https://doi.org/10.1300/j073v15n02_07

Tarlow, P. E. (2006) Terrorism and tourism, in J. Wilks, D. Pendergast and P. Leggat (eds.) Tourism in turbulent times: Towards safe experiences for visitors (Advances in Tourism Research), Oxford: Elsevier, pp. 79-92.

https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.674

Upadhayaya, P. K., Müller-Böker, U. & Sharma, S. R. (2011) Tourism amidst armed conflict: Consequences, copings, and creativity for peace-building through tourism in Nepal, The Journal of Tourism and Peace Research, 1 (2), 22-40.

https://doi.org/10.3126/ntdr.v1i1.7368

Vickers, A. (1989) Bali: A paradise created. Penguin Books Australia.

World Tourism Organisation (WTO) (2002) News, 4th Quarter Issue 4. http:// www.World-Tourism.org. Accessed April 2003.

Available

Published in Reputation and Image Recovery for the Tourism Industry

Paperback format [Details] Available as an inspection copyPrice: USD $60.00Copies / Delivery by post
Terms and conditions of purchase | Privacy policy