HOME | CHECKOUT | ABOUT | FAQ | CONTACT US |
 
Welcome Guest [create an account] or log-in:
email
password

Chapter 13 Impacts Conflict over Place Change

DOI: 10.23912/9781911635352-4734

ISBN: 9781911635352

Published: December 2020

Component type: chapter

Published in: Tourism Theories, Concepts and Models

Parent DOI: 10.23912/9781911635352-4280

10.23912/9781911635352-4734

Abstract

Concerns about unsustainable tourism practices have been a subject of academic inquiry since the earliest days of tourism scholarship. Indeed, it seems that a majority of the papers published in the first editions of Annals of Tourism Research documented adverse social and cultural impacts of tourism. As McKercher and Prideaux (2014: 21) noted: “Wenkman (1975) documented the adverse environmental impacts of tourism on Hawaii. UNESCO (1976) published a literature review of the adverse social consequences of tourism. Rodenburg (1980) condemned large scale tourism in Bali and argued that small, community based tourism is preferred. Farrell (1979) documented adverse host-guest interactions. Jafari (1974) wrote a lengthy article documenting explicitly focusing on the costs, and not benefits of tourism.” Since then, a range of topics has emerged with the sophistication of the research evolving as our understanding of the causes of impacts and possible mitigation strategies have matured. Yet, to a large extent, many of the critical issues remain unresolved, in spite of the emergence of sustainable tourism as a dominant paradigm, as discussed in the next chapter. Hundreds, if not thousands of academic papers have been published examining the impacts of tourism on host communities (Nunkoo, Smith and Ramkissoon, 2013). Deery, Jago and Fredline (2012: 65), though, note that much of this work is derivative, leading them to conclude “research into the social impacts of tourism appears to be in a state of ‘arrested development,’ [where] there is a sense that the advances in understanding the impacts of tourists on host communities is incremental at best, or potentially circular.” The reasons are manifold. Far too much of this research is descriptive in nature, and is typified by a ‘fill in the blank study – Understanding social impacts/community attitudes of tourism in ___________ destination.’ Many papers as well use the same metrics to measure attitudes, and therefore, unsurprisingly, come to the same conclusions. A third issue is that much of this research is of the self-fulfilling prophecy kind, where if one structures the study to look for adverse impacts, they can be found. A fourth and more critical issue is the lack of theoretical basis for most of the research, something identified by Ap (1990) 30 years ago that is still relevant today. This chapter explores some of the challenges in the conceptual discussion of tourism impacts. It begins with quest for theory and then reviews the founda- tional models by Doxey (1975) and Budowski (1976) that framed unsustainable practices within a conflict paradigm. It then looks at such issues as impacts as a function of place change.

Sample content

Click here to download PDF

Contributors

For the source title:

Cite as

McKercher & Prideaux, 2020

McKercher, B. & Prideaux, B. (2020) "Chapter 13 Impacts Conflict over Place Change" In: McKercher, B. & Prideaux, B. (ed) . Oxford: Goodfellow Publishers http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/9781911635352-4734

References

Ap, J. (1990) Residents' perceptions research on the social impacts of tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 17, 610-616.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(90)90032-M

Ap, J. & Crompton, J. (1988) Developing and testing a tourism impact scale, Journal of Travel Research, 37(2), 120-130.

https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759803700203

Budowski, G. (1976) Tourism and conservation: conflict, coexistence or symbiosis? Parks, 3(1), 27-31.

https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892900017707

Butler R. W. (1980) The concept of a tourist area cycle of evolution: implications for man- agement of resources. Canadian Geographer, 24(1), 5-12.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.1980.tb00970.x

Deery, M., Jago, L. & Fredline, L. (2012) Rethinking social impacts of tourism research: A new research agenda. Tourism Management, 33(1), 64-73.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.01.026

Dernoi, L. (1981) Alternative tourism: Towards a new style in North-South relations. International Journal of Tourism Management. 2(4), 253-264.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-2516(81)90030-X

Doxey, G. V. (1975) A causation theory of visitor-resident irritants: methodology and research inferences. In Travel and Tourism Research Associations Sixth Annual Conference Proceedings (195-198), San Diego, September.

Easterling, D. (2004) The residents' perspective in tourism research. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 17(4), 45-62.

https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v17n04_05

Farrell, B. (1979) Tourism's human conflicts: Cases from the Pacific Annals of Tourism Research, 6(2), 122-136.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90143-9

Gramman, J. H. & Burdge, R. J. (1991) The effects of recreation goals on conflict resolution: The case of waterskiers and fishermen. Journal of Leisure Research, 13(1), 15-27.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1981.11969464

Greider, T., Krannich, R. & Berry, H. (1991) Local identity, solidarity, and trust in changing rural communities. Sociological Focus, 24(4), 263-282.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.1991.10570594

Gu, H. & Ryan, C. (2008) Constructionism and culture in research: understandings of the fourth Buddhist festival, Wutaishan, China, Tourism Management, 31(2), 167-178.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.01.003

Hendee, J., Stankey, G. & Lucas, R. (1978) Wilderness Management, Forest Service, US Dept. of Agriculture, Misc. Publication No 1365, Washington pp 15 - 22.

Jackson, E. L. & Wong, R. (1982) Perceived conflicts between urban cross country skiers and snowmobilers in Alberta. Journal of Leisure Research, 14(1), 47 - 62.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1982.11969504

Jacob, G. R. & Schreyer, R. (1980) Conflict in outdoor recreation: A theoretical perspective. Journal of Leisure Research, 12(4), 368-380.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1980.11969462

Jafari, J. (1974) The socio-economic costs of tourism to developing countries. Annals of Tourism Research, 1(7), 227-262.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(74)90018-8

Jorgensen, B. S. & Stedman, R. C. (2001) Sense of place as an attitude: Lakeshore owners attitudes toward their properties. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21(3), 233-248.

https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.2001.0226

Mahon, M. (2007) The changing faces of rural populations. Journal of Rural Studies, 23(3), 345-356.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.01.006

Mathieson, A. & Wall, G. (1982) Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts, Longman, London.

McCabe, S. & Stokoe, E. H. (2004) Place and identity in tourist accounts. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 601-622.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.01.005

McCool S.F. (2016) The changing meanings of sustainable tourism. In S. McCool and K. Bosak (eds), Reframing Sustainable Tourism. Environmental challenges and solutions, Vol. 2. Springer, Dordrecht pp 13-32

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7209-9_2

McKercher, B. (1993) Some fundamental truths about tourism: Understanding tourism's social and environmental impacts Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 1(1), 6-16.

https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589309450697

McKercher, B. & Prideaux, B. (2014) Academic myths of tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 46, 16-28.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.02.003

McKercher, B., Wang, D. & Park, E. (2015) Social impacts as a function of place change. Annals of Tourism Research. 50, 52-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.11.002

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.11.002

Nunkoo, R. & Gursoy, D. (2019) Introduction to tourism impacts. In D. Gursoy & R. Nunkoo (Eds) The Routledge Handbook of Tourism Impacts: Theoretical and Applied Perspectives. Oxon: Routledge. Pp 1-20.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351025102-1

Nunkoo, R., Smith, S. L. J. & Ramkissoon, H. (2013) Residents' attitudes to tourism: A longitudinal study of 140 articles from 1984 to 2010. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21(1): 5-25.

https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2012.673621

Park, M. & Stokowski, P. (2009) Social disruption theory and crime in rural communities: Comparisons across three levels of tourism growth. Tourism Management, 30(6), 905-915.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.11.015

Perdue, R., Long, P. & Kang, Y. (1999) Boomtown tourism and resident quality of life: The marketing of gaming to host community residents. Journal of Business Research, 44(3), 165-167.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(97)00198-7

Proshansky, H. M. (1978) The city and self-identity. Environment and Behavior, 10(2), 147-169.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916578102002

Rodenburg, E. (1980) The effects of scale in economic development: Tourism in Bali. Annals of Tourism Research, 7(2), 177 - 196.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(80)90003-1

Russell, R. & Faulkner, B. (1999) Movers and shakers: Chaos makers in tourism develop- ment. Tourism Management, 20(4), 411-423.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00014-X

Tapsell, S. & Tunstall, S. (2008) "I wish I'd never heard of Banbury": The relationship between 'place' and the health impacts from flooding. Health & Place, 14(2), 133-154.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2007.05.006

Tuan, Y. F. (1975). Place: An experiential perspective. Geographical Review, 65(2), 151-165.

https://doi.org/10.2307/213970

Turner, P., Turner, S. & Carroll, F. (2005) The tourist gaze: Towards contextualized visual environments. In P. Turner & E. Devenport (Eds.), Spaces, Spatiality and Technology. Netherlands: Springer, pp. 281-297.

https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3273-0_19

UNESCO (1976) The effects of tourism on social-cultural values. Annals of Tourism Research, 4(2), 74-105

https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(76)90100-6

Wenkman R (1975) The Pacific tourist blight. Annals of Tourism Research, 3(2), 77.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(75)90023-7

WTO (1981) Social and Cultural Impacts of Tourism Movements. Madrid: World Tourism Organization.

WTO (1983) Study of Tourism's Contribution to protecting the Environment. Madrid: World Tourism Organization.

Available

Chapter 13 Impacts Conflict over Place Change [Details]Price: £5.99*Licences / Downloadable file

Published in Tourism Theories, Concepts and Models

Chapter 13 Impacts Conflict over Place Change [Details]Price: £5.99*Licences / Downloadable file
Paperback format [Details]Price: £36.99Copies / Delivery by post
Terms and conditions of purchase | Privacy policy